which protons were collided with other protons or electrons at high speeds indicated that they were in fact made up of smaller particles. These particles were named quarks by the Caltech physicist Murray Gell-Mann, who won the Nobel prize in 1969 for his work on them. The origin of the name is an enigmatic quotation from James Joyce: ΓÇ£Three quarks for Muster Mark!ΓÇ¥ The word quark is supposed to be pronounced like quart but with a k at the end instead of a t, but is usually pronounced to rhyme with lark.
There are a number of different varieties of quarks: there are thought to be at least six ΓÇ£flavors,ΓÇ¥ which we call up, down, strange, charmed, bottom, and top. Each flavor comes in three ΓÇ£colors,ΓÇ¥ red, green, and blue. (It should be emphasized that these terms are just labels: quarks are much
